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Laser diodes are commonly referred to as edge emitting laser diodes because the laser light is emitted from the edge of the substrate. The light emitting region of the laser diode is commonly called the emitter. The emitter size and the number of emitters determine output power and beam quality of a laser diode.
The output wavelength of a laser depends on the laser material, the process of stimulated emission, the optics of the laser resonator, and additional optical components outside the resonator (e.g., non-linear crystals for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, or 5th harmonic generation).
A solid-state laser consists of a gain medium that is a solid, rather than a liquid as used in dye lasers or the gas that’s in a gas laser. The gain medium of a solid-state laser consists of a glass or crystalline host material
A laser is a device with specific components and features which allow it to generate an intense, collimated, coherent beam of photons or light through the process of optical amplification.